ADR
Artificial Disc Replacement
What Is Artificial Disc Replacement?
Artificial Disc Replacement is a new innovative procedure for painful, worn-out spinal discs. With this spinal procedure, the surgeon uses an anterior (from the front abdominal region) approach to replacing a painful disc with a plastic and/or metal prosthesis. The artificial disc replacement is currently approved by the FDA for replacing discs in the lower back (lumbar) region.
Who Is a Candidate for ADR?
Artificial disc replacement is mainly considered for patients who have only one-level degenerative disc disease (affecting only one disc). Prior to the development of ADR, surgeons used spinal fusion as the main treatment for painful degenerative disc disease that did not respond to usual treatment. ADR is not used for patients who suffer from spinal instability, nerve compression, or spinal fractures.
What Are the Benefits of ADR?
The advantages of ADR include a preserved range of motion at the disc level and faster recovery time compared to spinal fusion. In addition, ADR is a simple procedure with long-term benefits for the patient.
What Happens During the ADR Surgery?
Surgery Prep & Anesthesia
When you arrive at the surgical center, you will change into a gown, and the nurse places an IV line in your arm. General anesthesia is used, so you will be asleep for the surgery.
The Surgical Procedure
After being positioned on the special radiolucent table, the abdomen is cleaned with an antiseptic. After administering a local anesthetic to the skin and deeper tissues, the surgeon makes a small incision just to the left of the umbilicus (belly button). The surgeon uses a small retractor to move the abdominal muscles, peritoneal sac, and intestines.
After visualizing the disc in question, the surgeon uses special instruments to restore normal disc height and remove the damaged disc. The artificial prosthesis is carefully placed into the spinal space, using x-ray guidance to confirm position. After removing any debris, scar tissue, and bone spurs, the incisions are closed with strong sutures. The skin is usually covered initially with a surgical bandage, but later on, it is left open to the air. The total surgery time for Artificial Disc Replacement surgery is around 2-3 hours.
ADR Post Op & Recovery
Immediately after your surgery, you will be monitored by a nurse in the recovery room for 1 to 3 hours. Once you are alert and awake, the nurse will ask you questions about your pain and comfort level. Medications are administered for pain and to prevent infection.
Once you are stable, you are moved to a hospital room, where a physical therapist works with you to get in and out of bed. Most patients stay in the hospital 2 to 4 days and then go home.
Artificial Disc Replacement Post-Op Rehabilitation
Because this is a serious surgery, you will need help walking for a few days (walker or assistive device). The physical therapist works with you to improve your strength and flexibility. In addition, you must avoid bending, twisting, or lifting for 2-4 weeks to prevent strains and injury.
ADR Post-Operative Care
Although the timelines vary from patient to patient when it comes to rehabilitation after an artificial disc replacement, the items below are standard procedure during the immediate rehab period.
- Brace – Some patients use a lumbar corset to offer additional back support during the postoperative period.
- Wound care – Keep the surgical wound clean and dry and return to the surgical center in 7-14 days for suture removal.
- Shower/bath – You are permitted to shower but must keep the abdominal incision covered with a bandage. After showering, change the dressing and dry the surgical area.
- Driving – You should avoid driving for 14 days, and do not drive if you are taking pain medicines.
- Return to work/sports – You must rest for 2-3 weeks and gradually return to usual activities. Continue to work with the physical therapist who will notify you of when it is alright to return to work or sporting activities.
Artificial Disc Replacement Success Rates
According to a recent clinical study, lasting and significant pain relief was attained by the 97.4% of participants following an artificial disc replacement. In addition, 95% of patients resumed sports activities with improved athletic performance.